Core Web Vitals are a set of Google metrics that measure real-world user experience on a web page — mainly loading speed (LCP), interactivity (INP) and visual stability (CLS). They are a Google ranking factor.
LCP (Largest Contentful Paint) measures how quickly the main content loads; INP (Interaction to Next Paint) measures how responsive the page feels when you interact with it; CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift) measures how much the layout jumps around as it loads.
Because they reflect actual user experience, Google uses them as a ranking signal and reports them in Search Console. Common fixes include optimising images, avoiding render-blocking resources, reserving space for images to stop layout shift, and reducing heavy JavaScript.
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